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　　在文學批評方面，早在陸機《文賦》中，隨著中國詩歌抒情特質的揭示與確立，季節物色就已經成為觸動詩情的要素得到了理論家們的注意。

　　古詩文翻譯成英文精選

　　白居易 《琵琶行》

　　潯陽江頭夜送客，楓葉荻花秋瑟瑟。

　　主人下馬客在船，舉酒欲飲無管弦。

　　醉不成歡慘將別，別時茫茫江浸月。

　　忽聞水上琵琶聲，主人忘歸客不發。

　　尋聲暗問彈者誰?琵琶聲停欲語遲。

　　移船相近邀相見，添酒回燈重開宴。

　　千呼萬喚始出來，猶抱琵琶半遮面。

　　轉軸撥弦三兩聲，未成曲調先有情。

　　弦弦掩抑聲聲思，似訴平生不得志。

　　低眉信手續續彈，說盡心中無限事。

　　輕攏慢捻抹復挑，初為《霓裳》后《六幺》。

　　大弦嘈嘈如急雨，小弦切切如私語。

　　嘈嘈切切錯雜彈，大珠小珠落玉盤。

　　間關鶯語花底滑，幽咽泉流冰下難。

　　冰泉冷澀弦凝絕，凝絕不通聲暫歇。

　　別有幽愁暗恨生，此時無聲勝有聲。

　　銀瓶乍破水漿迸，鐵騎突出刀槍鳴。

　　曲終收撥當心畫，四弦一聲如裂帛。

　　東船西舫悄無言，唯見江心秋月白。

　　沉吟放撥插弦中，整頓衣裳起斂容。

　　自言本是京城女，家在蝦蟆陵下住。

　　十三學得琵琶成，名屬教坊第一部。

　　曲罷曾教善才服，妝成每被秋娘妒。

　　五陵年少爭纏頭，一曲紅綃不知數。

　　鈿頭銀篦擊節碎，血色羅裙翻酒污。

　　今年歡笑復明年，秋月春風等閑度。

　　弟走從軍阿姨死，暮去朝來顏色故。

　　門前冷落鞍馬稀，老大嫁作商人婦。

　　商人重利輕別離，前月浮梁買茶去。

　　去來江口守空船，繞船月明江水寒。

　　夜深忽夢少年事，夢啼妝淚紅闌干。

　　我聞琵琶已嘆息，又聞此語重唧唧。

　　同是天涯淪落人，相逢何必曾相識!

　　我從去年辭帝京，謫居臥病潯陽城。

　　潯陽地僻無音樂，終歲不聞絲竹聲。

　　住近湓江地低濕，黃蘆苦竹繞宅生。

　　其間旦暮聞何物?杜鵑啼血猿哀鳴。

　　春江花朝秋月夜，往往取酒還獨傾。

　　豈無山歌與村笛，嘔啞嘲哳難為聽。

　　今夜聞君琵琶語，如聽仙樂耳暫明。

　　莫辭更坐彈一曲，為君翻作琵琶行。

　　感我此言良久立，卻坐促弦弦轉急。

　　凄凄不似向前聲，滿座重聞皆掩泣。

　　座中泣下誰最多?江州司馬青衫濕。

　　Song of the Lute Player

　　Bai Juyi

　　By the Xunyang River a guest is seen off one night;

　　Chill the autumn, red the maple leaves and in flower the reeds;

　　The host alights from his horse, the guest is aboard,

　　They raise their cups to drink but have no music.

　　Drunk without joy, in sadness they must part;

　　At the time of parting the river seems steeped in moonlight;

　　Suddenly out on the water a lute is heard;

　　The host forgets to turn back, the guest delays going.

　　Seeking the sound in the dark, we ask who is the player.

　　The lute is silent, hesitant the reply.

　　Rowing closer, we ask if we may meet the musician,

　　Call for more wine, trim the lamp and resume our feast;

　　Only after a thousand entreaties does she appear,

　　Her face half-hidden behind the lute in her arms.

　　She tunes up and plucks the strings a few times,

　　Touching our hearts before even the tune is played;

　　Each chord strikes a pensive note

　　As if voicing the disillusion of a lifetime;

　　Her head is bent, her fingers stray over the strings

　　Pouring out the infinite sorrows of her heart.

　　Lightly she pinches in the strings, slowly she strums and plucks them;

　　First The Rainbow Garments, then The Six Minor Notes.

　　The high notes wail like pelting rain,

　　The low notes whisper like soft confidences;

　　Wailing and whispering interweave

　　Like pearls large and small cascading on a plate of jade,

　　Like a warbling oriole gliding below the blossom,

　　Like a mountain brook purling down a bank,

　　Till the brook turns to ice, the strings seem about snap,

　　About to snap, and for one instant all is still

　　Only an undertone of quiet grief

　　Is more poignant in the silence than any sound;

　　Then a silver bottle is smashed, out gushes the water,

　　Armoured riders charge, their swords and lances clang!

　　When the tune ends, she draws her pick full across

　　And the four strings give a sound like the tearing of silk.

　　Right and left of the boat all is silence —

　　We see only the autumn moon, silver in midstream.

　　Pensively she puts the pick between the strings,

　　Straightens her clothes, rises and composes herself.

　　She is, she says, a girl from the capital

　　Whose family once lived at the foot of Toad Hill.

　　At thirteen she learned to play the lute

　　And ranked first among the musicians;

　　Her playing was admired by the old masters,

　　Her looks were the envy of other courtesans;

　　Youths from wealthy districts vied in their gifts to engage her,

　　A single song brought her countless rolls of red silk;

　　Men smashed jeweled and silver trinkets to mark the beat;

　　Silk skirts as red as blood were stained by spilt wine.

　　Pleasure and laughter from one year to the next.

　　While the autumn moon and spring breeze passed unheeded.

　　Then her brother joined the army, her aunt died,

　　The days and nights slipped by and her beauty fades,

　　No more carriages and horsemen thronged her gate,

　　And growing old she became a merchant"s wife.

　　The merchant thought only of profit: to seek it he leaves her.

　　Two months ago he went to Fuliang to buy tea,

　　Leaving her alone in the boat at the mouth of the river;

　　All around the moonlight is bright, the river is cold,

　　And late at night, dreaming of her girlhood,

　　She cries in her sleep, staining her rouged cheeks with tears.

　　The music of her lute has made me sign,

　　And now she tells this plaintive tale of sorrow;

　　We are both ill-starred, drifting on the face of the earth;

　　No matter if we were strangers before this encounter.

　　Last year I bade the imperial city farewell;

　　A demoted official, I lay ill in Xunyang;

　　Xunyang is a paltry place without any music,

　　For one year I heard no wind instruments, no strings.

　　Now I live on the low, damp flat by the River Pen,

　　Round my house yellow reeds and bitter bamboos grow rife;

　　From dawn till dusk I hear no other sounds

　　But the wailing of night-jars and the moaning of apes.

　　On a day of spring blossoms by the river or moonlit night in autumn

　　I often call for wine and drink alone;

　　Of course, there are rustic songs and village pipes,

　　But their shrill discordant notes grate on my ears;

　　Tonight listening to your lute playing

　　Was like hearing fairy music; it gladdened my ears.

　　Don"t refuse, but sit down and play another tune,

　　And I"ll write a Song of the Lute Player for you.

　　Touched by my words, she stands there for some time,

　　Then goes back to her seat and played with quickened tempo

　　Music sadder far than the first melody,

　　And at the sound not a man of us has dry eyes.

　　The assistant prefect of Jiangzhou is so moved

　　That his blue coat is wet with tears.

　　古詩文翻譯成英文閱讀

　　屈原 《楚辭·離騷》

　　帝高陽之苗裔兮，朕皇考曰伯庸。攝提貞于孟陬兮，惟庚寅吾以降。

　　皇覽揆余初度兮，肇錫余以嘉名：名余曰正則兮，字余曰靈均。

　　Li Sao

　　Qu Yuan

　　A prince am I of ancestry renowned,

　　Illustrious name my royal sire hath found.

　　When Sirius did in spring its light display,

　　A child was born, and Tiger marked the day.

　　When first upon my face my lord"s eye glanced,

　　For me auspicious names he straight advanced,

　　Denoting that in me Heaven"s marks divine

　　Should with the virtues of the earth combine.

　　古詩文翻譯成英文學習

　　屈原 《楚辭·離騷》

　　紛吾既有此內美兮，又重之以修能。扈江離與辟芷兮，紉秋蘭以為佩。

　　汨余若將不及兮，恐年歲之不吾與。朝搴阰之木蘭兮，夕攬洲之宿莽。

　　日月忽其不淹兮，春與秋其代序。惟草木之零落兮，恐美人之遲暮。

　　不撫壯而棄穢兮，何不改乎此度?乘騏驥以馳騁兮，來吾道夫先路!

　　Li Sao

　　Qu Yuan

　　With lavished innate qualities indued,

　　By art and skill my talents I renewed;

　　Angelic herbs and sweet selineas too,

　　And orchids late that by the water grew,

　　I wove for ornament; till creeping time,

　　Like water flowing, stole away my prime.

　　Magnolias of the glade I plucked at dawn,

　　At eve beside the stream took winter-thorn.

　　Without delay the sun and moon sped fast,

　　In swift succession spring and autumn passed;

　　The fallen flowers lay scattered on the ground,

　　The dusk might fall before my dream was found.

　　Had I not loved my prime and spurned the vile,

　　Why should I not have changed my former style?

　　My chariot drawn by steeds of race divine

　　I urged; to guide the king my sole design.